I tēnei rā, ka hoatu e au he kupu whakataki poto ki a koutou mō te hītori o ngā kirihou.

Ko te kirihou tuatahi i hangaia katoatia i roto i te hītori o te tangata he kapia phenolic i hangaia e te American Baekeland me te phenol me te formaldehyde i te tau 1909, e mōhiotia ana ko te kirihou Baekeland. Ka hangaia ngā kapia phenolic mā te tauhohenga whakapūpū o ngā phenols me ngā aldehydes, ā, nō roto i ngā kirihou thermosetting. E rua ngā taahiraa o te tukanga whakarite: ko te taahiraa tuatahi: ka whakapūpū tuatahi hei matū me te iti o te tohu whakapūpū raina; ko te taahiraa tuarua: mā te whakamahi i te maimoatanga pāmahana teitei hei huri hei matū polymer me te teitei o te tohu whakapūpū.
Neke atu i te kotahi rau tau o te whanaketanga, kua kitea ngā hua kirihou i ngā wāhi katoa, ā, kei te tere tonu te tipu haere. Tērā pea he kore tae, he mārama, he mā rānei te āhua o te kapia parakore, ā, kāore he āhuatanga e kitea ana, e ātaahua ana hoki. Nō reira, kua waiho te hoatu tae kanapa ki ngā hua kirihou hei kawenga kore e taea te karo i roto i te umanga tukatuka kirihou. He aha i tere ai te whanaketanga o ngā kirihou i roto i te 100 tau noa iho? Nā te mea kei a ia ēnei painga e whai ake nei:

1. Ka taea te whakaputa kirihou i runga i te tauine nui. (Mā roto ipokepokea kirihou)

2. He māmā te matotoru o te kirihou, ā, he kaha teitei.

3. He ātete te kirihou ki te waikura.

4. He pai ngā āhuatanga ārai wera me te ārai wera o te kirihou.

He maha ngā momo kirihou. He aha ngā momo matua o ngā kirihou wera?

1. Ko te polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tētahi o ngā kirihou whānui matua. I roto i ngā kirihou e rima o te ao, ko tōna kaha whakaputa kei muri i te polyethylene anake. He pai te pakeke me te ātete ki te waikura o te PVC, engari kāore i te ngāwari, ā, he paitini tōna monomer.

2. Ko te Polyolefin (PO), ko ngā mea tino noa ko te polyethylene (PE) me te polypropylene (PP). I roto i ēnei, ko te PE tētahi o ngā hua kirihou whānui nui rawa atu. He iti te kiato whanaunga o te PP, kāore he paitini, kāore he kakara, ā, he pai te ātete ki te wera. Ka taea te whakamahi mō te wā roa i te pāmahana tata ki te 110 nekehanga Celsius. Ā mātoupūnu kirihouhe mea hanga ki te PP kai-kai.

3. Ngā kapia styrene, tae atu ki te polystyrene (PS), te copolymer acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) me te polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

4. Polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyoxymethylene (POM). Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei momo kirihou hei rauemi hanganga, e mōhiotia ana hoki he rauemi hangarau.

Kua tuhia te kitenga me te whakamahinga o ngā kirihou ki roto i ngā pukapuka hītori, ā, koinei te tuarua o ngā mea hou nui i pā ki te tangata i te rautau 20. He merekara tūturu te kirihou i runga i te whenua! I ēnei rā, ka taea e tātou te kī, me te kore whakanui: "Kāore e taea te wehe i ō tātou oranga mai i te kirihou"!